
Laura Jelliffe-Pawlowski
PhD MS
laura.jelliffe.pawlowski@nyu.edu 1 212 998 9020433 First Ave
New York, NY 10010
United States
Laura Jelliffe-Pawlowski's additional information
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Laura Jelliffe-Pawlowski, PhD, MS, is a Professor at NYU Rory Meyers College of Nursing. Prof. Jelliffe-Pawlowski’s research interests focus on understanding and addressing the drivers and consequences of adverse pregnancy outcomes with a special emphasis on preterm birth and associated racial/ethnic and socioeconomic inequities. Her work is highly transdisciplinary and looks at the interplay of biomolecular, social, and policy factors in observed patterns and outcomes. Her teaching and mentorship activities reflect this transdisciplinary approach with an emphasis on motivating the translation of research findings into action.
Jelliffe-Pawlowski leads a number of statewide, national, and international research efforts funded by the National Institutes of Health, the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, the March of Dimes, the State of California, and other entities. These includes, notably, the “Healthy Outcomes of Pregnancy for Everyone (HOPE)” consortium and study which focuses on understanding the experience of pregnant people and their infants pre- and post-COVID 19 pandemic. HOPE examines how biomolecular, social, and community factors affect the well-being and outcomes of mothers and infants and includes enrollment during pregnancy with outcome follow-up to 18-months after birth. Other ongoing projects include, for example, the NIH funded “Prediction Of Maturity, Morbidity, and Mortality in PreTerm Infants (PROMPT)”, study which focuses on examining the metabolic profiles of newborns with early preterm birth and associated outcomes, the “Transforming Health and Reducing PerInatal Anxiety through Virtual Engagement (THRIVE)”, randomized control trial (RCT), funded by the State of California which examines whether digital cognitive behavior therapy delivered by mobile app can assist in reducing anxiety symptoms in pregnant people and also examines participant acceptability of the application. Ongoing efforts also include leading the “California Prediction of Poor Outcomes of Pregnancy (CPPOP)” cohort study which focuses on investigating multi-omic drivers of preterm birth. The study interrogates biomolecular signals associated with preterm birth and includes full genome sequencing and mid-pregnancy biomolecular signaling related to metabolic, immune, stress, and placental function in hundreds of pregnancies with and without preterm birth.
Prior to her joining NYU Rory Meyers College of Nursing, Jelliffe-Pawlowski was a Professor of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Chief of the Division of Lifecourse Epidemiology, a Professor in the Institute of Global Health Sciences, and Director of Discovery and Precision Health for the UCSF California Preterm Birth Initiative in the University of California San Francisco (UCSF) School of Medicine. She has a lifetime appointment as an Emeritus Professor of Epidemiology & Biostatistics in the UCSF School of Medicine and continues to work closely with the new Center for Birth Equity at UCSF. Prior to her appointment at UCSF, she was a leader at the Genetic Disease Screening Program within the California Department of Public Health.
Jelliffe-Pawlowski efforts have been highlighted in numerous academic and lay articles including in the New York Times, in WIRED Magazine, in the Atlantic, on CNN, and on MSNBC. In 2023, she was recognized by Forbes Magazine as one of the top 50 over 50 Innovators in the United States. She is also a Phase I and Phase II Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation Grand Challenges awardee for her work in the United States and Uganda which focused on the development and validation of newborn metabolic profile as a novel measure of gestational age in infants.
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PhD in Human Development, University of California DavisMS in Child Development, University of California DavisBA in Psychology, University of California Los Angeles
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Preterm Birth
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Faculty Honors Awards
Forbes 50 over 50 awardee in Innovation (2023)Delegate, African Academy of Sciences (2016)Awardee, Bill and Melinda Bates Foundation, Gates Grand Challenges Phase I and IIGovernor Brown Appointee for the California Department of Public Health, Interagency Coordinating Council on Early Intervention -
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Publications
Impact of being underweight before pregnancy on preterm birth by race/ethnicity and insurance status in California : an analysis of birth records
AbstractDiamond-Smith, N., Baer, R. J., & Jelliffe-Pawlowski, L. (2024). (Vols. 37, Issue 1). 10.1080/14767058.2024.2321486AbstractBackground: The US still has a high burden of preterm birth (PTB), with important disparities by race/ethnicity and poverty status. There is a large body of literature looking at the impact of pre-pregnancy obesity on PTB, but fewer studies have explored the association between underweight status on PTB, especially with a lens toward health disparities. Furthermore, little is known about how weight, specifically pre-pregnancy underweight status, and socio-economic-demographic factors such as race/ethnicity and insurance status, interact with each other to contribute to risks of PTB. Objectives: The objective of this study was to measure the association between pre-pregnancy underweight and PTB and small for gestational age (SGA) among a large sample of births in the US. Our secondary objective was to see if underweight status and two markers of health disparities–race/ethnicity and insurance status (public vs. other)–on PTB. Study design: We used data from all births in California from 2011 to 2017, which resulted in 3,070,241 singleton births with linked hospital discharge records. We ran regression models to estimate the relative risk of PTB by underweight status, by race/ethnicity, and by poverty (Medi-cal status). We then looked at the interaction between underweight status and race/ethnicity and underweight and poverty on PTB. Results: Black and Asian women were more likely to be underweight (aRR = 1.0, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.1 and aRR = 1.4, 95% CI: 1.4, 1.5, respectively), and Latina women were less likely to be underweight (aRR = 0.7, 95% CI: 0.7, 0.7). Being underweight was associated with increased odds of PTB (aRR = 1.3, 95% CI 1.3–1.3) and, after controlling for underweight, all nonwhite race/ethnic groups had increased odds of PTB compared to white women. In interaction models, the combined effect of being both underweight and Black, Indigenous and People of Color (BIPOC) statistically significantly reduced the relative risk of PTB (aRR = 0.9, 95% CI: 0.8, 0.9) and SGA (aRR = 1.0, 95% CI: 0.9, 1.0). The combined effect of being both underweight and on public insurance increased the relative risk of PTB (aRR = 1.1, 95% CI: 1.1, 1.2) but there was no additional effect of being both underweight and on public insurance on SGA (aRR = 1.0, 95% CI: 1.0, 1.0). Conclusions: We confirm and build upon previous findings that being underweight preconception is associated with increased risk of PTB and SGA–a fact often overlooked in the focus on overweight and adverse birth outcomes. Additionally, our findings suggest that the effect of being underweight on PTB and SGA differs by race/ethnicity and by insurance status, emphasizing that other factors related to inequities in access to health care and poverty are contributing to disparities in PTB.Impact of being underweight before pregnancy on preterm birth by race/ethnicity and insurance status in California: an analysis of birth records
AbstractJelliffe-Pawlowski, L., Diamond-Smith, N., Baer, R. J., & Jelliffe-Pawlowski, L. (2024). (Vols. 37, Issue 1, p. 2321486).AbstractThe US still has a high burden of preterm birth (PTB), with important disparities by race/ethnicity and poverty status. There is a large body of literature looking at the impact of pre-pregnancy obesity on PTB, but fewer studies have explored the association between underweight status on PTB, especially with a lens toward health disparities. Furthermore, little is known about how weight, specifically pre-pregnancy underweight status, and socio-economic-demographic factors such as race/ethnicity and insurance status, interact with each other to contribute to risks of PTB.Longitudinal urine metabolic profiling and gestational age prediction in human pregnancy
AbstractShen, X., Chen, S., Liang, L., Avina, M., Zackriah, H., Jelliffe-Pawlowski, L., Rand, L., & Snyder, M. P. (2024). (Vols. 26, Issue 1). 10.1093/bib/bbaf059AbstractPregnancy is a vital period affecting both maternal and fetal health, with impacts on maternal metabolism, fetal growth, and long-term development. While the maternal metabolome undergoes significant changes during pregnancy, longitudinal shifts in maternal urine have been largely unexplored. In this study, we applied liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-based untargeted metabolomics to analyze 346 maternal urine samples collected throughout pregnancy from 36 women with diverse backgrounds and clinical profiles. Key metabolite changes included glucocorticoids, lipids, and amino acid derivatives, indicating systematic pathway alterations. We also developed a machine learning model to accurately predict gestational age using urine metabolites, offering a non-invasive pregnancy dating method. Additionally, we demonstrated the ability of the urine metabolome to predict time-to-delivery, providing a complementary tool for prenatal care and delivery planning. This study highlights the clinical potential of urine untargeted metabolomics in obstetric care.Longitudinal urine metabolic profiling and gestational age prediction in human pregnancy
AbstractJelliffe-Pawlowski, L., Shen, X., Chen, S., Liang, L., Avina, M., Zackriah, H., Jelliffe-Pawlowski, L., Rand, L., & Snyder, M. P. (2024). (Vols. 26, Issue 1).AbstractPregnancy is a vital period affecting both maternal and fetal health, with impacts on maternal metabolism, fetal growth, and long-term development. While the maternal metabolome undergoes significant changes during pregnancy, longitudinal shifts in maternal urine have been largely unexplored. In this study, we applied liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-based untargeted metabolomics to analyze 346 maternal urine samples collected throughout pregnancy from 36 women with diverse backgrounds and clinical profiles. Key metabolite changes included glucocorticoids, lipids, and amino acid derivatives, indicating systematic pathway alterations. We also developed a machine learning model to accurately predict gestational age using urine metabolites, offering a non-invasive pregnancy dating method. Additionally, we demonstrated the ability of the urine metabolome to predict time-to-delivery, providing a complementary tool for prenatal care and delivery planning. This study highlights the clinical potential of urine untargeted metabolomics in obstetric care.Maternal Mental Health Diagnoses and Infant Emergency Department Use, Hospitalizations, and Death
AbstractAbe, N., Baer, R. J., Jelliffe-Pawlowski, L., Chambers, C. D., & Bandoli, G. (2024). (Vols. 24, Issues 3, pp. 451-460). 10.1016/j.acap.2023.11.021AbstractBackground: The period surrounding childbirth is a uniquely vulnerable time for women and their mental health. We sought to describe the association between maternal mental health diagnoses in the year prior and after birth and infant Emergency Department (ED) utilization, hospitalization, and death. Methods: We studied mothers who gave singleton live birth in California (2011–2017) and their infants using linked infant birth and death certificates and maternal and infant discharge records. Maternal mental health diagnoses in the year before and after birth were identified using International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes. We abstracted infant ED visits, hospitalizations, discharge diagnoses, deaths, and causes of death. Log-linear regression was used to compare relative risks of infant outcomes between mothers with and without mental health diagnoses, adjusting for maternal variables. Results: Of the 3,067,069 mother-infant pairs, 85,047 (2.8%) mothers had at least one mental health diagnosis in the year before and after birth. Infants of mothers with mental health diagnoses were more likely to visit the ED (aRR 1.2, CI:1.1–1.2), have three or more ED visits (aRR 1.4, CI:1.3–1.4), be hospitalized (aRR 1.1, CI:1.04–1.1), and die (aRR 1.7, CI:1.6–1.8) in the first year of life. These infants were also more likely to be diagnosed with accidental injuries, nonaccidental trauma, and non-specific descriptive diagnosis (fussiness/fatigue/brief resolved unexplained event). Conclusion: This large administrative cohort study showed associations between maternal mental health diagnoses and infant acute ED visits, hospitalization, and death. This study underscores the urgent need to understand what is driving these findings and how to mitigate this risk.Pregnancies complicated by bulimia nervosa are at increased risk of chorioamnionitis, anemia, and preterm birth
AbstractBaer, R. J., Bandoli, G., Jelliffe-Pawlowski, L., Rhee, K. E., & Chambers, C. D. (2024). (Vols. 231, Issues 2, pp. e57-e66). 10.1016/j.ajog.2024.03.006Abstract~Racial and Ethnic Inequities in Therapeutic Hypothermia and Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy: A Retrospective Cohort Study
AbstractJelliffe-Pawlowski, L., Fall, C., Baer, R. J., Jelliffe-Pawlowski, L., Matoba, N., Lee, H. C., Chambers, C. D., & Bandoli, G. (2024). (Vols. 269, p. 113966).AbstractTo investigate racial inequities in the use of therapeutic hypothermia (TH) and outcomes in infants with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE).Racial and Ethnic Inequities in Therapeutic Hypothermia and Neonatal Hypoxic–Ischemic Encephalopathy : A Retrospective Cohort Study
AbstractFall, C., Baer, R. J., Jelliffe-Pawlowski, L., Matoba, N., Lee, H. C., Chambers, C. D., & Bandoli, G. (2024). (Vols. 269). 10.1016/j.jpeds.2024.113966AbstractObjective: To investigate racial inequities in the use of therapeutic hypothermia (TH) and outcomes in infants with hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). Study design: We queried an administrative birth cohort of mother–baby pairs in California from 2010 through 2019 using International Classification of Diseases codes to evaluate the association between race and ethnicity and the application of TH in infants with HIE. We identified 4779 infants with HIE. Log-linear regression was used to calculate risk ratios (RR) for TH, adjusting for hospital transfer, rural location, gestational age between 35 and 37 weeks, and HIE severity. Risk of adverse infant outcome was calculated by race and ethnicity and stratified by TH. Results: From our identified cohort, 1338 (28.0%) neonates underwent TH. White infants were used as the reference sample, and 410 (28.4%) received TH. Black infants were significantly less likely to receive TH with 74 (20.0%) with an adjusted risk ratio (aRR) of 0.7 (95% CI 0.5-0.9). Black infants with any HIE who did not receive TH were more likely to have a hospital readmission (aRR 1.36, 95% CI 1.10-1.68) and a tracheostomy (aRR 3.07, 95% CI 1.19-7.97). Black infants with moderate/severe HIE who did not receive TH were more likely to have cerebral palsy (aRR 2.72, 95% CI 1.07-6.91). Conclusions: In this study cohort, Black infants with HIE were significantly less likely to receive TH. Black infants also had significantly increased risk of some adverse outcomes of HIE. Possible reasons for this inequity include systemic barriers to care and systemic bias.Resuscitation, survival and morbidity of extremely preterm infants in California 2011–2019
AbstractHiggins, B. V., Baer, R. J., Steurer, M. A., Karvonen, K. L., Oltman, S. P., Jelliffe-Pawlowski, L., & Rogers, E. E. (2024). (Vols. 44, Issues 2, pp. 209-216). 10.1038/s41372-023-01774-6AbstractObjective: To describe changes over time in resuscitation, survival, and morbidity of extremely preterm infants in California. Study design: This population-based, retrospective cohort study includes infants born ≤28 weeks. Linked birth certificates and hospital discharge records were used to evaluate active resuscitation, survival, and morbidity across two epochs (2011–2014, 2015–2019). Results: Of liveborn infants, 0.6% were born ≤28 weeks. Active resuscitation increased from 16.9% of 22-week infants to 98.1% of 25-week infants and increased over time in 22-, 23-, and 25-week infants (p-value ≤ 0.01). Among resuscitated infants, survival to discharge increased from 33.2% at 22 weeks to 96.1% at 28 weeks. Survival without major morbidity improved over time for 28-week infants (p-value < 0.01). Conclusion: Among infants ≤28 weeks, resuscitation and survival increased with gestational age and morbidity decreased. Over time, active resuscitation of periviable infants and morbidity-free survival of 28-week infants increased. These trends may inform counseling around extremely preterm birth.Risk of Adverse Perinatal Outcomes among African-born Black Women in California, 2011-2020
AbstractMcKenzie-Sampson, S., Baer, R. J., Chambers Butcher, B. D., Jelliffe-Pawlowski, L., Karasek, D., Oltman, S. P., Riddell, C. A., Rogers, E. E., Torres, J. M., & Blebu, B. E. (2024). (Vols. 35, Issues 4, pp. 517-526). 10.1097/EDE.0000000000001745AbstractBackground: African-born women have a lower risk of preterm birth and small for gestational age (SGA) birth compared with United States-born Black women, however variation by country of origin is overlooked. Additionally, the extent that nativity disparities in adverse perinatal outcomes to Black women are explained by individual-level factors remains unclear. Methods: We conducted a population-based study of nonanomalous singleton live births to United States-and African-born Black women in California from 2011 to 2020 (n = 194,320). We used age-Adjusted Poisson regression models to estimate the risk of preterm birth and SGA and reported risk ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Decomposition using Monte Carlo integration of the g-formula computed the percentage of disparities in adverse outcomes between United States-and African-born women explained by individual-level factors. Results: Eritrean women (RR = 0.4; 95% CI = 0.3, 0.5) had the largest differences in risk of preterm birth and Cameroonian women (RR = 0.5; 95% CI = 0.3, 0.6) in SGA birth, compared with United States-born Black women. Ghanaian women had smaller differences in risk of preterm birth (RR = 0.8; 95% CI = 0.7, 1.0) and SGA (RR = 0.9; 95% CI = 0.8, 1.1) compared with United States-born women. Overall, we estimate that absolute differences in socio-demographic and clinical factors contributed to 32% of nativity-based disparities in the risk of preterm birth and 26% of disparities in SGA. Conclusions: We observed heterogeneity in risk of adverse perinatal outcomes for African-compared with United States-born Black women, suggesting that nativity disparities in adverse perinatal outcomes were not fully explained by differences in individual-level factors. -
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