
Laura Jelliffe-Pawlowski
PhD MS
laura.jelliffe.pawlowski@nyu.edu 1 212 998 9020433 First Ave
New York, NY 10010
United States
Laura Jelliffe-Pawlowski's additional information
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Laura Jelliffe-Pawlowski, PhD, MS, is a Professor at NYU Rory Meyers College of Nursing. Prof. Jelliffe-Pawlowski’s research interests focus on understanding and addressing the drivers and consequences of adverse pregnancy outcomes with a special emphasis on preterm birth and associated racial/ethnic and socioeconomic inequities. Her work is highly transdisciplinary and looks at the interplay of biomolecular, social, and policy factors in observed patterns and outcomes. Her teaching and mentorship activities reflect this transdisciplinary approach with an emphasis on motivating the translation of research findings into action.
Jelliffe-Pawlowski leads a number of statewide, national, and international research efforts funded by the National Institutes of Health, the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, the March of Dimes, the State of California, and other entities. These includes, notably, the “Healthy Outcomes of Pregnancy for Everyone (HOPE)” consortium and study which focuses on understanding the experience of pregnant people and their infants pre- and post-COVID 19 pandemic. HOPE examines how biomolecular, social, and community factors affect the well-being and outcomes of mothers and infants and includes enrollment during pregnancy with outcome follow-up to 18-months after birth. Other ongoing projects include, for example, the NIH funded “Prediction Of Maturity, Morbidity, and Mortality in PreTerm Infants (PROMPT)”, study which focuses on examining the metabolic profiles of newborns with early preterm birth and associated outcomes, the “Transforming Health and Reducing PerInatal Anxiety through Virtual Engagement (THRIVE)”, randomized control trial (RCT), funded by the State of California which examines whether digital cognitive behavior therapy delivered by mobile app can assist in reducing anxiety symptoms in pregnant people and also examines participant acceptability of the application. Ongoing efforts also include leading the “California Prediction of Poor Outcomes of Pregnancy (CPPOP)” cohort study which focuses on investigating multi-omic drivers of preterm birth. The study interrogates biomolecular signals associated with preterm birth and includes full genome sequencing and mid-pregnancy biomolecular signaling related to metabolic, immune, stress, and placental function in hundreds of pregnancies with and without preterm birth.
Prior to her joining NYU Rory Meyers College of Nursing, Jelliffe-Pawlowski was a Professor of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Chief of the Division of Lifecourse Epidemiology, a Professor in the Institute of Global Health Sciences, and Director of Discovery and Precision Health for the UCSF California Preterm Birth Initiative in the University of California San Francisco (UCSF) School of Medicine. She has a lifetime appointment as an Emeritus Professor of Epidemiology & Biostatistics in the UCSF School of Medicine and continues to work closely with the new Center for Birth Equity at UCSF. Prior to her appointment at UCSF, she was a leader at the Genetic Disease Screening Program within the California Department of Public Health.
Jelliffe-Pawlowski efforts have been highlighted in numerous academic and lay articles including in the New York Times, in WIRED Magazine, in the Atlantic, on CNN, and on MSNBC. In 2023, she was recognized by Forbes Magazine as one of the top 50 over 50 Innovators in the United States. She is also a Phase I and Phase II Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation Grand Challenges awardee for her work in the United States and Uganda which focused on the development and validation of newborn metabolic profile as a novel measure of gestational age in infants.
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PhD in Human Development, University of California DavisMS in Child Development, University of California DavisBA in Psychology, University of California Los Angeles
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Preterm Birth
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Faculty Honors Awards
Forbes 50 over 50 awardee in Innovation (2023)Delegate, African Academy of Sciences (2016)Awardee, Bill and Melinda Bates Foundation, Gates Grand Challenges Phase I and IIGovernor Brown Appointee for the California Department of Public Health, Interagency Coordinating Council on Early Intervention -
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Publications
Risk and Protective Factors for Preterm Birth among Racial, Ethnic, and Socioeconomic Groups in California
AbstractJelliffe-Pawlowski, L., Baer, R. J., Oltman, S., McKenzie-Sampson, S., Afulani, P., Amsalu, R., Bell, A. J., Blebu, B., Blackman, K. C., Chambers, C. D., Costello, J., Fuchs, J., Garay, O., Karvonen, K. L., Kuppermann, M., Lyndon, A., McCulloch, C. E., Ong, G., Ponting, C., … Tabb, K. M. (2024). (Vols. 7, Issues 9, p. e2435887). 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.35887AbstractImportance: Preterm birth (PTB) (gestational ageStructural racism, nativity and risk of adverse perinatal outcomes among Black women
AbstractMcKenzie-Sampson, S., Baer, R. J., Jelliffe-Pawlowski, L., Karasek, D., Riddell, C. A., Torres, J. M., & Blebu, B. E. (2024). (Vols. 38, Issue 1, pp. 89-97). 10.1111/ppe.13032AbstractBackground: Black women in the United States (US) have the highest risk of preterm birth (PTB) and small for gestational age (SGA) births, compared to women of other racial groups. Among Black women, there are disparities by nativity whereby foreign-born women have a lower risk of PTB and SGA compared to US-born women. Differential exposure to racism may confer nativity-based differences in adverse perinatal outcomes between US- and foreign-born Black women. This remains unexplored among US- and African-born women in California. Objectives: Evaluate the relationship between structural racism, nativity, PTB and SGA among US- and African-born Black women in California. Methods: We conducted a population-based study of singleton births to US- and African-born Black women in California from 2011 to 2017 (n = 131,424). We examined the risk of PTB and SGA by nativity and neighbourhoods with differing levels of structural racism, as measured by the Index of Concentration at the Extremes. We fit crude and age-adjusted Poisson regression models, estimated using generalized estimating equations, with risk ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) as the effect measure. Results: The proportions of PTB and SGA were 9.7% and 14.5%, respectively, for US-born women, while 5.6% and 8.3% for African-born women. US-born women (n = 24,782; 20.8%) were more likely to live in neighbourhoods with high structural racism compared to African-born women (n = 1474; 11.6%). Structural racism was associated with an elevated risk of PTB (RR 1.19, 95% CI 1.12, 1.26) and SGA (RR 1.19, 95% CI 1.13, 1.25) for all Black women, however, there was heterogeneity by nativity, with US-born women experiencing a higher magnitude of effect than African-born women. Conclusions: Among Black women in California, exposure to structural racism and the impacts of structural racism on the risk of PTB and SGA varied by nativity.Unexplored aspects of anorexia nervosa's effect on adverse live-born pregnancy outcomes : a response
AbstractBaer, R. J., Bandoli, G., Jelliffe-Pawlowski, L., Rhee, K. E., & Chambers, C. D. (2024). 10.1016/j.ajog.2024.08.014Abstract~The University of California Study of Outcomes in Mothers and Infants (a Population-Based Research Resource) : Retrospective Cohort Study
AbstractBaer, R. J., Bandoli, G., Jelliffe-Pawlowski, L., & Chambers, C. D. (2024). (Vols. 10, p. e59844). 10.2196/59844AbstractBACKGROUND: Population-based databases are valuable for perinatal research. The California Department of Health Care Access and Information (HCAI) created a linked birth file covering the years 1991 through 2012. This file includes birth and fetal death certificate records linked to the hospital discharge records of the birthing person and infant. In 2019, the University of California Study of Outcomes in Mothers and Infants received approval to create similar linked birth files for births from 2011 onward, with 2 years of overlapping birth files to allow for linkage comparison. OBJECTIVE: This paper aims to describe the University of California Study of Outcomes in Mothers and Infants linkage methodology, examine the linkage quality, and discuss the benefits and limitations of the approach. METHODS: Live birth and fetal death certificates were linked to hospital discharge records for California infants between 2005 and 2020. The linkage algorithm includes variables such as birth hospital and date of birth, and linked record selection is made based on a "link score." The complete file includes California Vital Statistics and HCAI hospital discharge records for the birthing person (1 y before delivery and 1 y after delivery) and infant (1 y after delivery). Linkage quality was assessed through a comparison of linked files and California Vital Statistics only. Comparisons were made to previous linked birth files created by the HCAI for 2011 and 2012. RESULTS: Of the 8,040,000 live births, 7,427,738 (92.38%) California Vital Statistics live birth records were linked to HCAI records for birthing people, 7,680,597 (95.53%) birth records were linked to HCAI records for the infant, and 7,285,346 (90.61%) California Vital Statistics birth records were linked to HCAI records for both the birthing person and the infant. The linkage rates were 92.44% (976,526/1,056,358) for Asian and 86.27% (28,601/33,151) for Hawaiian or Pacific Islander birthing people. Of the 44,212 fetal deaths, 33,355 (75.44%) had HCAI records linked to the birthing person. When assessing variables in both California Vital Statistics and hospital records, the percentage was greatest when using both sources: the rates of gestational diabetes were 4.52% (329,128/7,285,345) in the California Vital Statistics records, 8.2% (597,534/7,285,345) in the HCAI records, and 9.34% (680,757/7,285,345) when using both data sources. CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrate that the linkage strategy used for this data platform is similar in linkage rate and linkage quality to the previous linked birth files created by the HCAI. The linkage provides higher rates of crucial variables, such as diabetes, compared to birth certificate records alone, although selection bias from the linkage must be considered. This platform has been used independently to examine health outcomes, has been linked to environmental datasets and residential data, and has been used to obtain and examine maternal serum and newborn blood spots.Vaginal microbiomes show ethnic evolutionary dynamics and positive selection of Lactobacillus adhesins driven by a long-term niche-specific process
AbstractJelliffe-Pawlowski, L., Wei, X., Tsai, M.-S. S., Liang, L., Jiang, L., Hung, C.-J. J., Jelliffe-Pawlowski, L., Rand, L., Snyder, M., & Jiang, C. (2024). (Vols. 43, Issues 4, p. 114078).AbstractThe vaginal microbiome's composition varies among ethnicities. However, the evolutionary landscape of the vaginal microbiome in the multi-ethnic context remains understudied. We perform a systematic evolutionary analysis of 351 vaginal microbiome samples from 35 multi-ethnic pregnant women, in addition to two validation cohorts, totaling 462 samples from 90 women. Microbiome alpha diversity and community state dynamics show strong ethnic signatures. Lactobacillaceae have a higher ratio of non-synonymous to synonymous polymorphism and lower nucleotide diversity than non-Lactobacillaceae in all ethnicities, with a large repertoire of positively selected genes, including the mucin-binding and cell wall anchor genes. These evolutionary dynamics are driven by the long-term evolutionary process unique to the human vaginal niche. Finally, we propose an evolutionary model reflecting the environmental niches of microbes. Our study reveals the extensive ethnic signatures in vaginal microbial ecology and evolution, highlighting the importance of studying the host-microbiome ecosystem from an evolutionary perspective.Vaginal microbiomes show ethnic evolutionary dynamics and positive selection of Lactobacillus adhesins driven by a long-term niche-specific process
AbstractWei, X., Tsai, M. S., Liang, L., Jiang, L., Hung, C. J., Jelliffe-Pawlowski, L., Rand, L., Snyder, M., & Jiang, C. (2024). (Vols. 43, Issues 4). 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114078AbstractThe vaginal microbiome's composition varies among ethnicities. However, the evolutionary landscape of the vaginal microbiome in the multi-ethnic context remains understudied. We perform a systematic evolutionary analysis of 351 vaginal microbiome samples from 35 multi-ethnic pregnant women, in addition to two validation cohorts, totaling 462 samples from 90 women. Microbiome alpha diversity and community state dynamics show strong ethnic signatures. Lactobacillaceae have a higher ratio of non-synonymous to synonymous polymorphism and lower nucleotide diversity than non-Lactobacillaceae in all ethnicities, with a large repertoire of positively selected genes, including the mucin-binding and cell wall anchor genes. These evolutionary dynamics are driven by the long-term evolutionary process unique to the human vaginal niche. Finally, we propose an evolutionary model reflecting the environmental niches of microbes. Our study reveals the extensive ethnic signatures in vaginal microbial ecology and evolution, highlighting the importance of studying the host-microbiome ecosystem from an evolutionary perspective.What drives outcomes in infants of mothers with congenital heart disease? A mediation analysis
AbstractYoung, B. T., Baer, R. J., Chambers, C. D., Peyvandi, S., Jelliffe-Pawlowski, L., & Steurer, M. A. (2024). (Vols. 44, Issues 3, pp. 366-372). 10.1038/s41372-023-01796-0AbstractObjective: Infants of mothers with adult congenital heart disease (ACHD) are at increased risk for adverse pregnancy and neonatal outcomes. We aim to identify mediators in the relationship between ACHD and pregnancy and infant outcomes. Study design: Case-control study using linked maternal and infant hospital records. Structural equation modeling was performed to assess for potential mediators of pregnancy and infant outcomes. Result: We showed an increased risk of multiple adverse infant and pregnancy outcomes among infants born to mothers with ACHD. Maternal placental syndrome and congestive heart failure were mediators of prematurity. Prematurity and critical congenital heart disease in the infant were mediators of infant outcomes. However, the direct effect of ACHD on outcomes beyond that explained by these mediators remained significant. Conclusion: While significant mediators of infant and pregnancy outcomes were identified, there was a large direct effect of maternal ACHD. Further studies should aim to identify more factors that explain these infants’ vulnerability.Adverse infant outcomes among women with sleep apnea or insomnia during pregnancy : A retrospective cohort study
AbstractFelder, J. N., Baer, R. J., Rand, L., Ryckman, K. K., Jelliffe-Pawlowski, L., & Prather, A. A. (2023). (Vols. 9, Issue 1, pp. 26-32). 10.1016/j.sleh.2022.09.012AbstractObjective: To evaluate whether sleep apnea or insomnia among pregnant people is associated with increased risk for adverse infant outcomes. Design: Retrospective cohort study Setting: California Participants: The sample included singleton live births. Sleep apnea and insomnia were defined based on ICD-9 and -10 codes. A referent group was selected using exact propensity score matching on maternal characteristics, obstetric factors, and infant factors among individuals without a sleep disorder. Measurements: Adverse infant outcomes were obtained from birth certificate, hospital discharge, and death records (eg, Apgar scores, neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) stay, infant death, long birth stay, etc.). Logistic regression was used to calculate odds of an adverse infant outcome by sleep disorder type. Results: Propensity-score matched controls were identified for 69.9% of the 3371 sleep apnea cases and 68.8% of the 3213 insomnia cases. Compared to the propensity-matched referent group, individuals with a diagnosis of sleep apnea (n = 2357) had infants who were more likely to have any adverse outcome, low 1-min Apgar scores, NICU stay, and an emergency room visit in the first year of life. Infants born to mothers with a diagnosis of insomnia (n = 2212) were at increased risk of few negative outcomes relative to the propensity matched referent group, with the exception of an emergency room visit. Conclusions: In unadjusted analyses, infants born to individuals with a diagnosis of sleep apnea or insomnia were at increased risk of several adverse outcomes. These were attenuated when using propensity score matching, suggesting these associations were driven by other comorbidities.Adverse Perinatal Outcomes and Postpartum Suicidal Behavior in California, 2013-2018
AbstractDelker, E., Marienfeld, C., Baer, R. J., Parry, B., Kiernan, E., Jelliffe-Pawlowski, L., Chambers, C., & Bandoli, G. (2023). (Vols. 32, Issues 5, pp. 608-615). 10.1089/jwh.2022.0255AbstractBackground: The objectives of this study were to describe trends in the prevalence of postpartum suicidal behaviors in California, 2013-2018, and to estimate associations between adverse perinatal outcomes and suicidal behaviors. Materials and Methods: We used data from a population-based cohort derived from all birth and fetal death certificates. Records were individually linked to maternal hospital discharge records for the years before and after delivery. We estimated the prevalence of postpartum suicidal ideation and attempt by year. Then, we estimated crude and adjusted associations between adverse perinatal outcomes and these suicidal behaviors. The sample included 2,563,288 records. Results: The prevalence of postpartum suicidal ideation and attempt increased from 2013 to 2018. People with postpartum suicidal behavior were younger, had less education, and were more likely to live in rural areas. A greater proportion of those with postpartum suicidal behavior were Black and publicly insured. Severe maternal morbidity, neonatal intensive care unit admission, and fetal death were associated with greater risk of ideation and attempt. Major structural malformation was not associated with either outcome. Conclusions: The burden of postpartum suicidal behavior has increased over time and is unequally distributed across population subgroups. Adverse perinatal outcomes may help identify individuals that could benefit from additional care during the postpartum period.Assessing for prenatal risk factors associated with infant neurologic morbidity using a multivariate analysis
AbstractJain, S., Oltman, S., Rogers, E., Ryckman, K., Petersen, M., Baer, R. J., Rand, L., Piao, X., & Jelliffe-Pawlowski, L. (2023). (Vols. 43, Issues 12, pp. 1486-1493). 10.1038/s41372-023-01820-3AbstractObjective: To characterize the biochemical and demographic profiles of pregnant people with maternal immune activation (MIA) and identify the prenatal characteristics associated with neurologic morbidity in offspring. Study design: This was a retrospective cohort study of 602 mother-infant dyads with births between 2009 and 2010 in California. Multivariable logistic regression was used to build a MIA vulnerability profile including mid-pregnancy biochemical markers and maternal demographic characteristics, and its relationship with infant neurologic morbidity was examined. Results: Of the 602 mother-infant dyads, 80 mothers and 61 infants had diagnoses suggestive of MIA and neurologic morbidity, respectively. Our model, including two demographic and seven biochemical characteristics, identified mothers with MIA with good performance (AUC:0.814; 95% CI:0.7–0.8). Three demographic and five inflammatory markers together identified 80% of infants with neurological morbidity (AUC:0.802, 95% CI:0.7–0.8). Conclusion: Inflammatory environment in mothers with pre-existing risk factors like obesity, poverty, and prematurity renders offspring more susceptible to neurologic morbidities. -
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